Understanding the Basics of Law

Often referred to as the science of justice, law is a set of rules that are enforced by governmental institutions. Its purpose is to protect individual rights and promote orderly social change. However, it can also serve as a tool of oppression.

Law can be categorized into three categories: civil, common, and criminal. Each category serves its own specific purposes. Generally, a civil law legal system is shorter and requires less detailed judicial decisions. It is composed of legislative statutes and judicial decisions.

The common law legal system is based on the doctrine of precedent. This means that a decision made by a court of higher jurisdiction binds future decisions of lower courts. This can happen in a group legislature or a single legislator.

The legal profession plays a critical role in helping people obtain justice. Typically, a lawyer must pass a qualifying examination and receive a special qualification. Modern lawyers have a bachelor’s degree and a law degree. They are required to have a specialty in their field and to be supervised by an independent regulating body.

The field of jurisprudence has sought to reveal the historical and moral foundations of the legal concept. The study of law has also explored the relationships between law and other fields of knowledge.

The International Law Commission was founded in 1947 by the General Assembly of the United Nations. Its members represent the world’s principal legal systems. Its mission is to advance the progressive development of international law. Its members also consult with specialized UN agencies.